ASHRAE 90.1 07 IP:2007 Edition
$71.50
ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007 Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (I-P Edition) (ANSI Approved; IESNA Co-sponsored)
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| ASHRAE | 2007 | 192 |
This 2007 edition of the standard has several new features and includes changes resulting from the continuous maintenance proposals from the public, including all of the Addenda to Standard 90.1-2004.
The purpose of this standard is to provide minimum requirements for the energy-efficient design of buildings except low-rise residential buildings. This standard provides (a) minimum energy-efficient requirements for the design and construction of 1) new buildings and their systems, 2) new portions of buildings and their systems, and 3) new systems and equipment in existing buildings and (b) criteria for determining compliance with these requirements.
PDF Catalog
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| 6 | FOREWORD FOREWORD 1. PURPOSE 1. PURPOSE 2. SCOPE 2. SCOPE 2.1 This standard provides: 2.1 This standard provides: 2.2 The provisions of this standard apply to: 2.2 The provisions of this standard apply to: 2.3 The provisions of this standard do not apply to 2.3 The provisions of this standard do not apply to 2.4 Where specifically noted in this standard, certain other buildings or elements of buildings shall be exempt. 2.4 Where specifically noted in this standard, certain other buildings or elements of buildings shall be exempt. 2.5 This standard shall not be used to circumvent any safety, health, or environmental requirements. 2.5 This standard shall not be used to circumvent any safety, health, or environmental requirements. 3. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS, and ACRONYMS 3. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS, and ACRONYMS 3.1 General. Certain terms, abbreviations, and acronyms are defined in this section for the purposes of this standard. These def… 3.1 General. Certain terms, abbreviations, and acronyms are defined in this section for the purposes of this standard. These def… 3.2 Definitions 3.2 Definitions |
| 16 | 3.3 Abbreviations and Acronyms 3.3 Abbreviations and Acronyms |
| 17 | 4. Administration and EnforcemenT 4. Administration and EnforcemenT 4.1 General 4.1 General 4.1.1 Scope 4.1.1 Scope 4.1.1.1 New Buildings. New buildings shall comply with the standard as described in Section 4.2. 4.1.1.1 New Buildings. New buildings shall comply with the standard as described in Section 4.2. 4.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. An extension or increase in the floor area or height of a building outside of the exist… 4.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. An extension or increase in the floor area or height of a building outside of the exist… 4.1.1.3 Alterations of Existing Buildings. Alterations of existing buildings shall comply with the standard as described in Section 4.2. 4.1.1.3 Alterations of Existing Buildings. Alterations of existing buildings shall comply with the standard as described in Section 4.2. 4.1.1.4 Replacement of Portions of Existing Buildings. Portions of a building envelope, heating, ventilating, air- conditioning,… 4.1.1.4 Replacement of Portions of Existing Buildings. Portions of a building envelope, heating, ventilating, air- conditioning,… 4.1.1.5 Changes in Space Conditioning. Whenever unconditioned or semiheated spaces in a building are converted to conditioned sp… 4.1.1.5 Changes in Space Conditioning. Whenever unconditioned or semiheated spaces in a building are converted to conditioned sp… 4.1.2 Administrative Requirements. Administrative requirements relating to permit requirements, enforcement by the authority hav… 4.1.2 Administrative Requirements. Administrative requirements relating to permit requirements, enforcement by the authority hav… 4.1.3 Alternative Materials, Methods of Construction, or Design. The provisions of this standard are not intended to prevent the use of any material, method of construction, design, equipment, or building system not specifically prescribed herein. 4.1.3 Alternative Materials, Methods of Construction, or Design. The provisions of this standard are not intended to prevent the use of any material, method of construction, design, equipment, or building system not specifically prescribed herein. |
| 18 | 4.1.4 Validity. If any term, part, provision, section, paragraph, subdivision, table, chart, or referenced standard of this stan… 4.1.4 Validity. If any term, part, provision, section, paragraph, subdivision, table, chart, or referenced standard of this stan… 4.1.5 Other Laws. The provisions of this standard shall not be deemed to nullify any provisions of local, state, or federal law…. 4.1.5 Other Laws. The provisions of this standard shall not be deemed to nullify any provisions of local, state, or federal law…. 4.1.6 Referenced Standards. The standards referenced in this standard and listed in Section 12 shall be considered part of the r… 4.1.6 Referenced Standards. The standards referenced in this standard and listed in Section 12 shall be considered part of the r… 4.1.7 Normative Appendices. The normative appendices to this standard are considered to be integral parts of the mandatory requirements of this standard, which, for reasons of convenience, are placed apart from all other normative elements. 4.1.7 Normative Appendices. The normative appendices to this standard are considered to be integral parts of the mandatory requirements of this standard, which, for reasons of convenience, are placed apart from all other normative elements. 4.1.8 Informative Appendices. The informative appendices to this standard and informative notes located within this standard contain additional information and are not mandatory or part of this standard. 4.1.8 Informative Appendices. The informative appendices to this standard and informative notes located within this standard contain additional information and are not mandatory or part of this standard. 4.2 Compliance 4.2 Compliance 4.2.1 Compliance Paths 4.2.1 Compliance Paths 4.2.1.1 New Buildings. New Buildings shall comply with either the provisions of Sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 or Section 11. 4.2.1.1 New Buildings. New Buildings shall comply with either the provisions of Sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 or Section 11. 4.2.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. Additions to existing buildings shall comply with either the provisions of Sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 or Section 11. 4.2.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. Additions to existing buildings shall comply with either the provisions of Sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 or Section 11. 4.2.1.3 Alterations of Existing Buildings. Alterations of existing buildings shall comply with the provisions of Sections 5, 6, … 4.2.1.3 Alterations of Existing Buildings. Alterations of existing buildings shall comply with the provisions of Sections 5, 6, … 4.2.2 Compliance Documentation 4.2.2 Compliance Documentation 4.2.2.1 Construction Details. Compliance documents shall show all the pertinent data and features of the building, equipment, an… 4.2.2.1 Construction Details. Compliance documents shall show all the pertinent data and features of the building, equipment, an… 4.2.2.2 Supplemental Information. Supplemental information necessary to verify compliance with this standard, such as calculatio… 4.2.2.2 Supplemental Information. Supplemental information necessary to verify compliance with this standard, such as calculatio… 4.2.2.3 Manuals. Operating and maintenance information shall be provided to the building owner. This information shall include, but not be limited to, the information specified in Sections 6.7.2.2 and 8.7.2. 4.2.2.3 Manuals. Operating and maintenance information shall be provided to the building owner. This information shall include, but not be limited to, the information specified in Sections 6.7.2.2 and 8.7.2. 4.2.3 Labeling of Material and Equipment. Materials and equipment shall be labeled in a manner that will allow for a determination of their compliance with the applicable provisions of this standard. 4.2.3 Labeling of Material and Equipment. Materials and equipment shall be labeled in a manner that will allow for a determination of their compliance with the applicable provisions of this standard. 4.2.4 Inspections. All building construction, additions, or alterations subject to the provisions of this standard shall be subj… 4.2.4 Inspections. All building construction, additions, or alterations subject to the provisions of this standard shall be subj… |
| 19 | 5. BUILDING ENVELOPE 5. BUILDING ENVELOPE 5.1 General 5.1 General 5.1.1 Scope. Section 5 specifies requirements for the building envelope. 5.1.1 Scope. Section 5 specifies requirements for the building envelope. 5.1.2 Space-Conditioning Categories 5.1.2 Space-Conditioning Categories 5.1.2.1 Separate exterior building envelope requirements are specified for each of three categories of conditioned space: (a) nonresidential conditioned space, (b) residential conditioned space, and (c) semiheated space. 5.1.2.1 Separate exterior building envelope requirements are specified for each of three categories of conditioned space: (a) nonresidential conditioned space, (b) residential conditioned space, and (c) semiheated space. 5.1.2.2 Spaces shall be assumed to be conditioned spaces and shall comply with the requirements for conditioned space at the tim… 5.1.2.2 Spaces shall be assumed to be conditioned spaces and shall comply with the requirements for conditioned space at the tim… 5.1.2.3 In climate zones 3 through 8, a space may be designated as either semiheated or unconditioned only if approved by the building official. 5.1.2.3 In climate zones 3 through 8, a space may be designated as either semiheated or unconditioned only if approved by the building official. 5.1.3 Envelope Alterations. Alterations to the building envelope shall comply with the requirements of Section 5 for insulation, air leakage, and fenestration applicable to those specific portions of the building that are being altered. 5.1.3 Envelope Alterations. Alterations to the building envelope shall comply with the requirements of Section 5 for insulation, air leakage, and fenestration applicable to those specific portions of the building that are being altered. 5.1.4 Climate. Determine the climate zone for the location. For US locations, follow the procedure in Section 5.1.4.1. For international locations, follow the procedure in Section 5.1.4.2. 5.1.4 Climate. Determine the climate zone for the location. For US locations, follow the procedure in Section 5.1.4.1. For international locations, follow the procedure in Section 5.1.4.2. 5.1.4.1 United States Locations. Use Figure B-1 or Table B-1 in Appendix B to determine the required climate zone. 5.1.4.1 United States Locations. Use Figure B-1 or Table B-1 in Appendix B to determine the required climate zone. 5.1.4.2 International Locations. For locations in Canada that are listed in Table B-2 in Appendix B, use this table to determine… 5.1.4.2 International Locations. For locations in Canada that are listed in Table B-2 in Appendix B, use this table to determine… 5.2 Compliance Paths 5.2 Compliance Paths 5.2.1 Compliance. For the appropriate climate, space-conditioning category, and class of construction, the building envelope sha… 5.2.1 Compliance. For the appropriate climate, space-conditioning category, and class of construction, the building envelope sha… 5.2.2 Projects using the Energy Cost Budget Method (Section 11 of this standard) must comply with Section 5.4, the mandatory provisions of this section, as a portion of that compliance path. 5.2.2 Projects using the Energy Cost Budget Method (Section 11 of this standard) must comply with Section 5.4, the mandatory provisions of this section, as a portion of that compliance path. |
| 20 | 5.3 Simplified Building (Not Used) 5.3 Simplified Building (Not Used) 5.4 Mandatory Provisions 5.4 Mandatory Provisions 5.4.1 Insulation. Where insulation is required in Section 5.5 or 5.6, it shall comply with the requirements found in Sections 5.8.1.1 through 5.8.1.9. 5.4.1 Insulation. Where insulation is required in Section 5.5 or 5.6, it shall comply with the requirements found in Sections 5.8.1.1 through 5.8.1.9. 5.4.2 Fenestration and Doors. Procedures for determining fenestration and door performance are described in Section 5.8.2. Produ… 5.4.2 Fenestration and Doors. Procedures for determining fenestration and door performance are described in Section 5.8.2. Produ… 5.4.3 Air Leakage 5.4.3 Air Leakage 5.4.3.1 Building Envelope Sealing. The following areas of the building envelope shall be sealed, caulked, gasketed, or weather-stripped to minimize air leakage: 5.4.3.1 Building Envelope Sealing. The following areas of the building envelope shall be sealed, caulked, gasketed, or weather-stripped to minimize air leakage: 5.4.3.2 Fenestration and Doors. Air leakage for fenestration and doors shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 400. Air leak… 5.4.3.2 Fenestration and Doors. Air leakage for fenestration and doors shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 400. Air leak… 5.4.3.3 Loading Dock Weatherseals. In climate zones 4 through 8, cargo doors and loading dock doors shall be equipped with weatherseals to restrict infiltration when vehicles are parked in the doorway. 5.4.3.3 Loading Dock Weatherseals. In climate zones 4 through 8, cargo doors and loading dock doors shall be equipped with weatherseals to restrict infiltration when vehicles are parked in the doorway. 5.4.3.4 Vestibules. Building entrances that separate conditioned space from the exterior shall be protected with an enclosed ves… 5.4.3.4 Vestibules. Building entrances that separate conditioned space from the exterior shall be protected with an enclosed ves… 5.5 Prescriptive Building Envelope Option 5.5 Prescriptive Building Envelope Option 5.5.1 For a conditioned space, the exterior building envelope shall comply with either the “nonresidential” or “residential” requirements in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate climate. 5.5.1 For a conditioned space, the exterior building envelope shall comply with either the “nonresidential” or “residential” requirements in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate climate. 5.5.2 If a building contains any semiheated space or unconditioned space, then the semi-exterior building envelope shall comply with the requirements for semiheated space in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate climate. (See Figure 5.5.) 5.5.2 If a building contains any semiheated space or unconditioned space, then the semi-exterior building envelope shall comply with the requirements for semiheated space in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate climate. (See Figure 5.5.) 5.5.3 Opaque Areas. For all opaque surfaces except doors, compliance shall be demonstrated by one of the following two methods: 5.5.3 Opaque Areas. For all opaque surfaces except doors, compliance shall be demonstrated by one of the following two methods: |
| 23 | 5.5.3.1 Roof Insulation. All roofs shall comply with the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 or shall comp… 5.5.3.1 Roof Insulation. All roofs shall comply with the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 or shall comp… |
| 24 | 5.5.3.1.1 High Albedo Roofs. For roofs, other than roofs over ventilated attics or roofs over semi-heated spaces or roofs over conditioned spaces that are not cooled spaces, where the exterior surface has 5.5.3.1.1 High Albedo Roofs. For roofs, other than roofs over ventilated attics or roofs over semi-heated spaces or roofs over conditioned spaces that are not cooled spaces, where the exterior surface has |
| 25 | 5.5.3.2 Above-Grade Wall Insulation. All above- grade walls shall comply with the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 th… 5.5.3.2 Above-Grade Wall Insulation. All above- grade walls shall comply with the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 th… 5.5.3.3 Below-Grade Wall Insulation. Below-grade walls shall have a rated R-value of insulation not less that the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8. 5.5.3.3 Below-Grade Wall Insulation. Below-grade walls shall have a rated R-value of insulation not less that the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8. |
| 29 | 5.5.3.4 Floor Insulation. All floors shall comply with the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8. 5.5.3.4 Floor Insulation. All floors shall comply with the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8. 5.5.3.5 Slab-on-Grade Floor Insulation. All slab-on- grade floors, including heated slab-on-grade floors and unheated slab-on-grade floors, shall comply with the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8. 5.5.3.5 Slab-on-Grade Floor Insulation. All slab-on- grade floors, including heated slab-on-grade floors and unheated slab-on-grade floors, shall comply with the insulation values specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8. 5.5.3.6 Opaque Doors. All opaque doors shall have a U-factor not greater than that specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8. 5.5.3.6 Opaque Doors. All opaque doors shall have a U-factor not greater than that specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8. 5.5.4 Fenestration 5.5.4 Fenestration 5.5.4.1 General. Compliance with U-factors and SHGC shall be demonstrated for the overall fenestration product. Gross wall areas… 5.5.4.1 General. Compliance with U-factors and SHGC shall be demonstrated for the overall fenestration product. Gross wall areas… 5.5.4.2 Fenestration Area 5.5.4.2 Fenestration Area 5.5.4.2.1 Vertical Fenestration Area. The total vertical fenestration area shall be less than 40% of the gross wall area. 5.5.4.2.1 Vertical Fenestration Area. The total vertical fenestration area shall be less than 40% of the gross wall area. 5.5.4.2.2 Skylight Fenestration Area. The total skylight area shall be less than 5% of the gross roof area. 5.5.4.2.2 Skylight Fenestration Area. The total skylight area shall be less than 5% of the gross roof area. 5.5.4.3 Fenestration U-Factor. Fenestration shall have a U-factor not greater than that specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate fenestration area. 5.5.4.3 Fenestration U-Factor. Fenestration shall have a U-factor not greater than that specified in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate fenestration area. 5.5.4.4 Fenestration Solar Heat aGain Coefficient (SHGC) 5.5.4.4 Fenestration Solar Heat aGain Coefficient (SHGC) 5.5.4.4.1 SHGC of Vertical Fenestration. Vertical fenestration shall have an SHGC not greater than that specified for “all” orientations in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate total vertical fenestration area. 5.5.4.4.1 SHGC of Vertical Fenestration. Vertical fenestration shall have an SHGC not greater than that specified for “all” orientations in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate total vertical fenestration area. |
| 30 | 5.5.4.4.2 SHGC of Skylights. Skylights shall have an SHGC not greater than that specified for “all” orientations in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate total skylight area. 5.5.4.4.2 SHGC of Skylights. Skylights shall have an SHGC not greater than that specified for “all” orientations in Tables 5.5-1 through 5.5-8 for the appropriate total skylight area. 5.6 Building Envelope Trade-Off Option 5.6 Building Envelope Trade-Off Option 5.6.1 The building envelope complies with the standard if 5.6.1 The building envelope complies with the standard if 5.6.1.1 The envelope performance factor considers only the building envelope components. 5.6.1.1 The envelope performance factor considers only the building envelope components. 5.6.1.2 Schedules of operation, lighting power, equipment power, occupant density, and mechanical systems shall be the same for both the proposed building and the budget building. 5.6.1.2 Schedules of operation, lighting power, equipment power, occupant density, and mechanical systems shall be the same for both the proposed building and the budget building. 5.6.1.3 Envelope performance factor shall be calculated using the procedures of Normative Appendix C. 5.6.1.3 Envelope performance factor shall be calculated using the procedures of Normative Appendix C. 5.7 Submittals 5.7 Submittals 5.7.1 General. The authority having jurisdiction may require submittal of compliance documentation and supplemental information, in accordance with Section 4.2.2 of this standard. 5.7.1 General. The authority having jurisdiction may require submittal of compliance documentation and supplemental information, in accordance with Section 4.2.2 of this standard. 5.7.2 Submittal Document Labeling of Space Conditioning Categories. For buildings that contain spaces that will be only semiheat… 5.7.2 Submittal Document Labeling of Space Conditioning Categories. For buildings that contain spaces that will be only semiheat… 5.8 Product Information and Installation Requirements 5.8 Product Information and Installation Requirements 5.8.1 Insulation 5.8.1 Insulation 5.8.1.1 Labeling of Building Envelope Insulation. The rated R-value shall be clearly identified by an identification mark applied by the manufacturer to each piece of building envelope insulation. 5.8.1.1 Labeling of Building Envelope Insulation. The rated R-value shall be clearly identified by an identification mark applied by the manufacturer to each piece of building envelope insulation. 5.8.1.2 Compliance with Manufacturers’ Requirements. Insulation materials shall be installed in accordance with manufacturers’ recommendations and in such a manner as to achieve rated R-value of insulation. 5.8.1.2 Compliance with Manufacturers’ Requirements. Insulation materials shall be installed in accordance with manufacturers’ recommendations and in such a manner as to achieve rated R-value of insulation. 5.8.1.3 Loose-fill Insulation Limitation. Open-blown or poured loose-fill insulation shall not be used in attic roof spaces when the slope of the ceiling is more than three in twelve. 5.8.1.3 Loose-fill Insulation Limitation. Open-blown or poured loose-fill insulation shall not be used in attic roof spaces when the slope of the ceiling is more than three in twelve. 5.8.1.4 Baffles. When eave vents are installed, baffling of the vent openings shall be provided to deflect the incoming air above the surface of the insulation. 5.8.1.4 Baffles. When eave vents are installed, baffling of the vent openings shall be provided to deflect the incoming air above the surface of the insulation. 5.8.1.5 Substantial Contact. Insulation shall be installed in a permanent manner in substantial contact with the inside surface … 5.8.1.5 Substantial Contact. Insulation shall be installed in a permanent manner in substantial contact with the inside surface … |
| 31 | 5.8.1.6 Recessed Equipment. Lighting fixtures; heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning equipment, including wall heaters, ducts, and plenums; and other equipment shall not be recessed in such a manner as to affect the insulation thickness unless 5.8.1.6 Recessed Equipment. Lighting fixtures; heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning equipment, including wall heaters, ducts, and plenums; and other equipment shall not be recessed in such a manner as to affect the insulation thickness unless 5.8.1.7 Insulation Protection. Exterior insulation shall be covered with a protective material to prevent damage from sunlight, moisture, landscaping operations, equipment maintenance, and wind. 5.8.1.7 Insulation Protection. Exterior insulation shall be covered with a protective material to prevent damage from sunlight, moisture, landscaping operations, equipment maintenance, and wind. 5.8.1.7.1 In attics and mechanical rooms, a way to access equipment that prevents damaging or compressing the insulation shall be provided. 5.8.1.7.1 In attics and mechanical rooms, a way to access equipment that prevents damaging or compressing the insulation shall be provided. 5.8.1.7.2 Foundation vents shall not interfere with the insulation. 5.8.1.7.2 Foundation vents shall not interfere with the insulation. 5.8.1.7.3 Insulation materials in ground contact shall have a water absorption rate no greater than 0.3% when tested in accordance with ASTM C272. 5.8.1.7.3 Insulation materials in ground contact shall have a water absorption rate no greater than 0.3% when tested in accordance with ASTM C272. 5.8.1.8 Location of Roof Insulation. The roof insulation shall not be installed on a suspended ceiling with removable ceiling panels. 5.8.1.8 Location of Roof Insulation. The roof insulation shall not be installed on a suspended ceiling with removable ceiling panels. 5.8.1.9 Extent of Insulation. Insulation shall extend over the full component area to the required rated R-value of insulation, U-factor, C-factor, or F-factor, unless otherwise allowed in Section 5.8.1. 5.8.1.9 Extent of Insulation. Insulation shall extend over the full component area to the required rated R-value of insulation, U-factor, C-factor, or F-factor, unless otherwise allowed in Section 5.8.1. 5.8.2 Fenestration and Doors 5.8.2 Fenestration and Doors 5.8.2.1 Rating of Fenestration Products. The U-factor, SHGC, and air leakage rate for all manufactured fenestration products sha… 5.8.2.1 Rating of Fenestration Products. The U-factor, SHGC, and air leakage rate for all manufactured fenestration products sha… 5.8.2.2 Labeling of Fenestration Products. All manufactured fenestration products shall have a permanent nameplate, installed by the manufacturer, listing the U-factor, SHGC, and air leakage rate. 5.8.2.2 Labeling of Fenestration Products. All manufactured fenestration products shall have a permanent nameplate, installed by the manufacturer, listing the U-factor, SHGC, and air leakage rate. 5.8.2.3 Labeling of Doors. The U-factor and the air leakage rate for all manufactured doors installed between conditioned space,… 5.8.2.3 Labeling of Doors. The U-factor and the air leakage rate for all manufactured doors installed between conditioned space,… 5.8.2.4 U-factor. U-factors shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 100. U-factors for skylights shall be determined for a slope of 20 degrees above the horizontal. 5.8.2.4 U-factor. U-factors shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 100. U-factors for skylights shall be determined for a slope of 20 degrees above the horizontal. 5.8.2.5 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient. SHGC for the overall fenestration area shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 200. 5.8.2.5 Solar Heat Gain Coefficient. SHGC for the overall fenestration area shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 200. 5.8.2.6 Visible Light Transmittance. VLT shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 200. VLT shall be verified and certified by the manufacturer. 5.8.2.6 Visible Light Transmittance. VLT shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 200. VLT shall be verified and certified by the manufacturer. |
| 32 | 6. HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR CONDITIONING 6. HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR CONDITIONING 6.1 General 6.1 General 6.1.1 Scope 6.1.1 Scope 6.1.1.1 New Buildings. Mechanical equipment and systems serving the heating, cooling, or ventilating needs of new buildings shall comply with the requirements of this section as described in Section 6.2. 6.1.1.1 New Buildings. Mechanical equipment and systems serving the heating, cooling, or ventilating needs of new buildings shall comply with the requirements of this section as described in Section 6.2. 6.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. Mechanical equipment and systems serving the heating, cooling, or ventilating needs of additions to existing buildings shall comply with the requirements of this section as described in Section 6.2. 6.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. Mechanical equipment and systems serving the heating, cooling, or ventilating needs of additions to existing buildings shall comply with the requirements of this section as described in Section 6.2. 6.1.1.3 Alterations to Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning in Existing Buildings 6.1.1.3 Alterations to Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning in Existing Buildings 6.1.1.3.1 New HVAC equipment as a direct replacement of existing HVAC equipment shall comply with the specific minimum efficiency requirements applicable to that equipment. 6.1.1.3.1 New HVAC equipment as a direct replacement of existing HVAC equipment shall comply with the specific minimum efficiency requirements applicable to that equipment. 6.1.1.3.2 New cooling systems installed to serve previously uncooled spaces shall comply with this section as described in Section 6.2. 6.1.1.3.2 New cooling systems installed to serve previously uncooled spaces shall comply with this section as described in Section 6.2. 6.1.1.3.3 Alterations to existing cooling systems shall not decrease economizer capability unless the system complies with Section 6.5.1. 6.1.1.3.3 Alterations to existing cooling systems shall not decrease economizer capability unless the system complies with Section 6.5.1. 6.1.1.3.4 New and replacement ductwork shall comply with Sections 6.4.4.1 and 6.4.4.2. 6.1.1.3.4 New and replacement ductwork shall comply with Sections 6.4.4.1 and 6.4.4.2. 6.1.1.3.5 New and replacement piping shall comply with Section 6.4.4.1. 6.1.1.3.5 New and replacement piping shall comply with Section 6.4.4.1. 6.2 Compliance Path(s) 6.2 Compliance Path(s) 6.2.1 Compliance with Section 6 shall be achieved by meeting all requirements for Section 6.1, General; Section 6.7, Submittals; Section 6.8, Minimum Equipment Efficiency; and either 6.2.1 Compliance with Section 6 shall be achieved by meeting all requirements for Section 6.1, General; Section 6.7, Submittals; Section 6.8, Minimum Equipment Efficiency; and either 6.2.2 Projects using the Energy Cost Budget Method (Section 11 of this standard) must comply with Section 6.4, the mandatory provisions of this section, as a portion of that compliance path. 6.2.2 Projects using the Energy Cost Budget Method (Section 11 of this standard) must comply with Section 6.4, the mandatory provisions of this section, as a portion of that compliance path. 6.3 Simplified Approach Option for HVAC Systems 6.3 Simplified Approach Option for HVAC Systems 6.3.1 Scope. The simplified approach is an optional path for compliance when the following conditions are met: 6.3.1 Scope. The simplified approach is an optional path for compliance when the following conditions are met: 6.3.2 Criteria. The HVAC system must meet ALL of the following criteria: 6.3.2 Criteria. The HVAC system must meet ALL of the following criteria: |
| 34 | 6.4 Mandatory Provisions 6.4 Mandatory Provisions 6.4.1 Equipment Efficiencies, Verification, and Labeling Requirements 6.4.1 Equipment Efficiencies, Verification, and Labeling Requirements 6.4.1.1 Minimum Equipment Efficiencies-Listed Equipment-Standard Rating and Operating Conditions. Equipment shown in Tables 6.8…. 6.4.1.1 Minimum Equipment Efficiencies-Listed Equipment-Standard Rating and Operating Conditions. Equipment shown in Tables 6.8…. 6.4.1.2 Minimum Equipment Efficiencies-Listed Equipment-Nonstandard Conditions. Water-cooled centrifugal water-chilling packages… 6.4.1.2 Minimum Equipment Efficiencies-Listed Equipment-Nonstandard Conditions. Water-cooled centrifugal water-chilling packages… 6.4.1.3 Equipment Not Listed. Equipment not listed in the tables referenced in Sections 6.4.1.1 and 6.4.1.2 may be used. 6.4.1.3 Equipment Not Listed. Equipment not listed in the tables referenced in Sections 6.4.1.1 and 6.4.1.2 may be used. 6.4.1.4 Verification of Equipment Efficiencies. Equipment efficiency information supplied by manufacturers shall be verified as follows: 6.4.1.4 Verification of Equipment Efficiencies. Equipment efficiency information supplied by manufacturers shall be verified as follows: 6.4.1.5 Labeling 6.4.1.5 Labeling 6.4.1.5.1 Mechanical Equipment. Mechanical equipment that is not covered by the U.S. National Appliance Energy Conservation Act … 6.4.1.5.1 Mechanical Equipment. Mechanical equipment that is not covered by the U.S. National Appliance Energy Conservation Act … 6.4.1.5.2 Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners. Packaged terminal air conditioners and heat pumps with sleeve sizes less than 16 i… 6.4.1.5.2 Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners. Packaged terminal air conditioners and heat pumps with sleeve sizes less than 16 i… 6.4.2 Load Calculations. Heating and cooling system design loads for the purpose of sizing systems and equipment shall be determ… 6.4.2 Load Calculations. Heating and cooling system design loads for the purpose of sizing systems and equipment shall be determ… 6.4.3 Controls 6.4.3 Controls 6.4.3.1 Zone Thermostatic Controls 6.4.3.1 Zone Thermostatic Controls 6.4.3.1.1 General. The supply of heating and cooling energy to each zone shall be individually controlled by thermostatic contro… 6.4.3.1.1 General. The supply of heating and cooling energy to each zone shall be individually controlled by thermostatic contro… |
| 35 | 6.4.3.1.2 Dead Band. Where used to control both heating and cooling, zone thermostatic controls shall be capable of providing a … 6.4.3.1.2 Dead Band. Where used to control both heating and cooling, zone thermostatic controls shall be capable of providing a … 6.4.3.2 Setpoint Overlap Restriction. Where heating and cooling to a zone are controlled by separate zone thermostatic controls … 6.4.3.2 Setpoint Overlap Restriction. Where heating and cooling to a zone are controlled by separate zone thermostatic controls … 6.4.3.3 Off-Hour Controls. HVAC systems shall have the off-hour controls required by Sections 6.4.3.3.1 through 6.4.3.3.4. 6.4.3.3 Off-Hour Controls. HVAC systems shall have the off-hour controls required by Sections 6.4.3.3.1 through 6.4.3.3.4. 6.4.3.3.1 Automatic Shutdown. HVAC systems shall be equipped with at least one of the following: 6.4.3.3.1 Automatic Shutdown. HVAC systems shall be equipped with at least one of the following: 6.4.3.3.2 Setback Controls. Heating systems located in climate zones 2-8 shall be equipped with controls that have the capabilit… 6.4.3.3.2 Setback Controls. Heating systems located in climate zones 2-8 shall be equipped with controls that have the capabilit… 6.4.3.3.3 Optimum Start Controls. Individual heating and cooling air distribution systems with a total design supply air capacit… 6.4.3.3.3 Optimum Start Controls. Individual heating and cooling air distribution systems with a total design supply air capacit… 6.4.3.3.4 Zone Isolation. HVAC systems serving zones that are intended to operate or be occupied nonsimultaneously shall be divi… 6.4.3.3.4 Zone Isolation. HVAC systems serving zones that are intended to operate or be occupied nonsimultaneously shall be divi… |
| 36 | 6.4.3.4 Ventilation System Controls 6.4.3.4 Ventilation System Controls 6.4.3.4.1 Stair and Shaft Vents. Stair and elevator shaft vents shall be equipped with motorized dampers that are capable of bei… 6.4.3.4.1 Stair and Shaft Vents. Stair and elevator shaft vents shall be equipped with motorized dampers that are capable of bei… 6.4.3.4.2 Gravity Hoods, Vents, and Ventilators. All outdoor air supply and exhaust hoods, vents, and ventilators shall be equipped with motorized dampers that will automatically shut when the spaces served are not in use. 6.4.3.4.2 Gravity Hoods, Vents, and Ventilators. All outdoor air supply and exhaust hoods, vents, and ventilators shall be equipped with motorized dampers that will automatically shut when the spaces served are not in use. 6.4.3.4.3 Shutoff Damper Controls. Both outdoor air supply and exhaust systems shall be equipped with motorized dampers that wil… 6.4.3.4.3 Shutoff Damper Controls. Both outdoor air supply and exhaust systems shall be equipped with motorized dampers that wil… 6.4.3.4.4 Dampers. Where outdoor air supply and exhaust air dampers are required by Section 6.4.3.4, they shall have a maximum leakage rate when tested in accordance with AMCA Standard 500 as indicated in Table 6.4.3.4.4. 6.4.3.4.4 Dampers. Where outdoor air supply and exhaust air dampers are required by Section 6.4.3.4, they shall have a maximum leakage rate when tested in accordance with AMCA Standard 500 as indicated in Table 6.4.3.4.4. 6.4.3.4.5 Ventilation Fan Controls. Fans with motors greater than 0.75 hp (0.5 kW) shall have automatic controls complying with Section 6.4.3.3.1 that are capable of shutting off fans when not required. 6.4.3.4.5 Ventilation Fan Controls. Fans with motors greater than 0.75 hp (0.5 kW) shall have automatic controls complying with Section 6.4.3.3.1 that are capable of shutting off fans when not required. 6.4.3.5 Heat Pump Auxiliary Heat Control. Heat pumps equipped with internal electric resistance heaters shall have controls that… 6.4.3.5 Heat Pump Auxiliary Heat Control. Heat pumps equipped with internal electric resistance heaters shall have controls that… 6.4.3.6 Humidifier Preheat. Humidifiers with preheating jackets mounted in the airstream shall be provided with an automatic valve to shut off preheat when humidification is not required. 6.4.3.6 Humidifier Preheat. Humidifiers with preheating jackets mounted in the airstream shall be provided with an automatic valve to shut off preheat when humidification is not required. 6.4.3.7 Humidification and Dehumidification. Where a zone is served by a system or systems with both humidification and dehumidi… 6.4.3.7 Humidification and Dehumidification. Where a zone is served by a system or systems with both humidification and dehumidi… 6.4.3.8 Freeze Protection and Snow/Ice Melting Systems. Freeze protection systems, such as heat tracing of outdoor piping and he… 6.4.3.8 Freeze Protection and Snow/Ice Melting Systems. Freeze protection systems, such as heat tracing of outdoor piping and he… 6.4.3.9 Ventilation Controls for High-Occupancy Areas. Demand control ventilation (DCV) is required for spaces larger than 500 f… 6.4.3.9 Ventilation Controls for High-Occupancy Areas. Demand control ventilation (DCV) is required for spaces larger than 500 f… |
| 37 | 6.4.4 HVAC System Construction and Insulation 6.4.4 HVAC System Construction and Insulation 6.4.4.1 Insulation 6.4.4.1 Insulation 6.4.4.1.1 General. Insulation required by this section shall be installed in accordance with industry-accepted standards (see In… 6.4.4.1.1 General. Insulation required by this section shall be installed in accordance with industry-accepted standards (see In… 6.4.4.1.2 Duct and Plenum Insulation. All supply and return ducts and plenums installed as part of an HVAC air distribution system shall be thermally insulated in accordance with Tables 6.8.2A and 6.8.2B. 6.4.4.1.2 Duct and Plenum Insulation. All supply and return ducts and plenums installed as part of an HVAC air distribution system shall be thermally insulated in accordance with Tables 6.8.2A and 6.8.2B. 6.4.4.1.3 Piping Insulation. Piping shall be thermally insulated in accordance with Table 6.8.3. 6.4.4.1.3 Piping Insulation. Piping shall be thermally insulated in accordance with Table 6.8.3. 6.4.4.2 Ducts and Plenum Leakage 6.4.4.2 Ducts and Plenum Leakage 6.4.4.2.1 Duct Sealing. Ductwork and plenums shall be sealed in accordance with Table 6.4.4.2A (Table 6.4.4.2B provides definiti… 6.4.4.2.1 Duct Sealing. Ductwork and plenums shall be sealed in accordance with Table 6.4.4.2A (Table 6.4.4.2B provides definiti… 6.4.4.2.2 Duct Leakage Tests. Ductwork that is designed to operate at static pressures in excess of 3 in. w.c. shall be leak-tes… 6.4.4.2.2 Duct Leakage Tests. Ductwork that is designed to operate at static pressures in excess of 3 in. w.c. shall be leak-tes… |
| 38 | 6.4.5 Completion Requirements. Completion requirements are as described in Section 6.7.2. 6.4.5 Completion Requirements. Completion requirements are as described in Section 6.7.2. 6.5 Prescriptive Path 6.5 Prescriptive Path 6.5.1 Economizers. Each cooling system that has a fan shall include either an air or water economizer meeting the requirements of Sections 6.5.1.1 through 6.5.1.4. 6.5.1 Economizers. Each cooling system that has a fan shall include either an air or water economizer meeting the requirements of Sections 6.5.1.1 through 6.5.1.4. 6.5.1.1 Air Economizers 6.5.1.1 Air Economizers 6.5.1.1.1 Design Capacity. Air economizer systems shall be capable of modulating outdoor air and return air dampers to provide up to 100% of the design supply air quantity as outdoor air for cooling. 6.5.1.1.1 Design Capacity. Air economizer systems shall be capable of modulating outdoor air and return air dampers to provide up to 100% of the design supply air quantity as outdoor air for cooling. 6.5.1.1.2 Control Signal. Economizer dampers shall be capable of being sequenced with the mechanical cooling equipment and shall not be controlled by only mixed air temperature. 6.5.1.1.2 Control Signal. Economizer dampers shall be capable of being sequenced with the mechanical cooling equipment and shall not be controlled by only mixed air temperature. 6.5.1.1.3 High-Limit Shutoff. All air economizers shall be capable of automatically reducing outdoor air intake to the design mi… 6.5.1.1.3 High-Limit Shutoff. All air economizers shall be capable of automatically reducing outdoor air intake to the design mi… 6.5.1.1.4 Dampers. Both return air and outdoor air dampers shall meet the requirements of Section 6.4.3.3.4. 6.5.1.1.4 Dampers. Both return air and outdoor air dampers shall meet the requirements of Section 6.4.3.3.4. 6.5.1.1.5 Relief of Excess Outdoor Air. Systems shall provide a means to relieve excess outdoor air during air economizer operat… 6.5.1.1.5 Relief of Excess Outdoor Air. Systems shall provide a means to relieve excess outdoor air during air economizer operat… 6.5.1.2 Water Economizers 6.5.1.2 Water Economizers 6.5.1.2.1 Design Capacity. Water economizer systems shall be capable of cooling supply air by indirect evaporation and providing up to 100% of the expected system cooling load at outdoor air temperatures of 50ËšF dry bulb/ 45ËšF wet bulb and below. 6.5.1.2.1 Design Capacity. Water economizer systems shall be capable of cooling supply air by indirect evaporation and providing up to 100% of the expected system cooling load at outdoor air temperatures of 50ËšF dry bulb/ 45ËšF wet bulb and below. 6.5.1.2.2 Maximum Pressure Drop. Precooling coils and water-to-water heat exchangers used as part of a water economizer system s… 6.5.1.2.2 Maximum Pressure Drop. Precooling coils and water-to-water heat exchangers used as part of a water economizer system s… 6.5.1.3 Integrated Economizer Control. Economizer systems shall be integrated with the mechanical cooling system and be capable of providing partial cooling even when additional mechanical cooling is required to meet the remainder of the cooling load. 6.5.1.3 Integrated Economizer Control. Economizer systems shall be integrated with the mechanical cooling system and be capable of providing partial cooling even when additional mechanical cooling is required to meet the remainder of the cooling load. |
| 39 | 6.5.1.4 Economizer Heating System Impact. HVAC system design and economizer controls shall be such that economizer operation does not increase the building heating energy use during normal operation. 6.5.1.4 Economizer Heating System Impact. HVAC system design and economizer controls shall be such that economizer operation does not increase the building heating energy use during normal operation. 6.5.2 Simultaneous Heating and Cooling Limitation 6.5.2 Simultaneous Heating and Cooling Limitation 6.5.2.1 Zone Controls. Zone thermostatic controls shall be capable of operating in sequence the supply of heating and cooling energy to the zone. Such controls shall prevent 6.5.2.1 Zone Controls. Zone thermostatic controls shall be capable of operating in sequence the supply of heating and cooling energy to the zone. Such controls shall prevent |
| 40 | 6.5.2.2 Hydronic System Controls. The heating of fluids in hydronic systems that have been previously mechanically cooled and th… 6.5.2.2 Hydronic System Controls. The heating of fluids in hydronic systems that have been previously mechanically cooled and th… 6.5.2.2.1 Three-Pipe System. Hydronic systems that use a common return system for both hot water and chilled water shall not be used. 6.5.2.2.1 Three-Pipe System. Hydronic systems that use a common return system for both hot water and chilled water shall not be used. 6.5.2.2.2 Two-Pipe Changeover System. Systems that use a common distribution system to supply both heated and chilled water are acceptable provided all of the following are met: 6.5.2.2.2 Two-Pipe Changeover System. Systems that use a common distribution system to supply both heated and chilled water are acceptable provided all of the following are met: 6.5.2.2.3 Hydronic (Water Loop) Heat Pump Systems. Hydronic heat pumps connected to a common heat pump water loop with central devices for heat rejection (e.g., cooling tower) and heat addition (e.g., boiler) shall have the following: 6.5.2.2.3 Hydronic (Water Loop) Heat Pump Systems. Hydronic heat pumps connected to a common heat pump water loop with central devices for heat rejection (e.g., cooling tower) and heat addition (e.g., boiler) shall have the following: 6.5.2.3 Dehumidification. Where humidistatic controls are provided, such controls shall prevent reheating, mixing of hot and cold airstreams, or other means of simultaneous heating and cooling of the same airstream. 6.5.2.3 Dehumidification. Where humidistatic controls are provided, such controls shall prevent reheating, mixing of hot and cold airstreams, or other means of simultaneous heating and cooling of the same airstream. |
| 41 | 6.5.2.4 Humidification. Systems with hydronic cooling and humidification systems designed to maintain inside humidity at a dew-point temperature greater than 35ËšF shall use a water economizer if an economizer is required by Section 6.5.1. 6.5.2.4 Humidification. Systems with hydronic cooling and humidification systems designed to maintain inside humidity at a dew-point temperature greater than 35ËšF shall use a water economizer if an economizer is required by Section 6.5.1. 6.5.3 Air System Design and Control. Each HVAC system having a total fan system motor nameplate hp exceeding 5 hp shall meet the provisions of Sections 6.5.3.1 through 6.5.3.2. 6.5.3 Air System Design and Control. Each HVAC system having a total fan system motor nameplate hp exceeding 5 hp shall meet the provisions of Sections 6.5.3.1 through 6.5.3.2. 6.5.3.1 Fan System Power Limitation 6.5.3.1 Fan System Power Limitation 6.5.3.1.1 Each HVAC system at fan system design conditions shall not exceed the allowable fan system motor nameplate hp (Option … 6.5.3.1.1 Each HVAC system at fan system design conditions shall not exceed the allowable fan system motor nameplate hp (Option … 6.5.3.1.2 Motor Nameplate Horsepower. For each fan, the selected fan motor shall be no larger than the first available motor siz… 6.5.3.1.2 Motor Nameplate Horsepower. For each fan, the selected fan motor shall be no larger than the first available motor siz… |
| 42 | 6.5.3.2 VAV Fan Control (Including Systems Using Series Fan Power Boxes) 6.5.3.2 VAV Fan Control (Including Systems Using Series Fan Power Boxes) 6.5.3.2.1 Part-Load Fan Power Limitation. Individual VAV fans with motors 10 hp and larger shall meet one of the following: 6.5.3.2.1 Part-Load Fan Power Limitation. Individual VAV fans with motors 10 hp and larger shall meet one of the following: 6.5.3.2.2 Static Pressure Sensor Location. Static pressure sensors used to control VAV fans shall be placed in a position such t… 6.5.3.2.2 Static Pressure Sensor Location. Static pressure sensors used to control VAV fans shall be placed in a position such t… 6.5.3.2.3 Setpoint Reset. For systems with DDC of individual zone boxes reporting to the central control panel, static pressure … 6.5.3.2.3 Setpoint Reset. For systems with DDC of individual zone boxes reporting to the central control panel, static pressure … 6.5.4 Hydronic System Design and Control. HVAC hydronic systems having a total pump system power exceeding 10 hp shall meet provisions of Sections 6.5.4.1 through 6.5.4.4. 6.5.4 Hydronic System Design and Control. HVAC hydronic systems having a total pump system power exceeding 10 hp shall meet provisions of Sections 6.5.4.1 through 6.5.4.4. 6.5.4.1 Hydronic Variable Flow Systems. HVAC pumping systems that include control valves designed to modulate or step open and c… 6.5.4.1 Hydronic Variable Flow Systems. HVAC pumping systems that include control valves designed to modulate or step open and c… 6.5.4.2 Pump Isolation. When a chilled-water plant includes more than one chiller, provisions shall be made so that the flow in … 6.5.4.2 Pump Isolation. When a chilled-water plant includes more than one chiller, provisions shall be made so that the flow in … 6.5.4.3 Chilled- and Hot-Water Temperature Reset Controls. Chilled- and hot-water systems with a design capacity exceeding 300,0… 6.5.4.3 Chilled- and Hot-Water Temperature Reset Controls. Chilled- and hot-water systems with a design capacity exceeding 300,0… 6.5.4.4 Hydronic (Water Loop) Heat Pump Systems. Each hydronic heat pump shall have a two-position automatic valve interlocked to shut off water flow when the compressor is off. 6.5.4.4 Hydronic (Water Loop) Heat Pump Systems. Each hydronic heat pump shall have a two-position automatic valve interlocked to shut off water flow when the compressor is off. 6.5.5 Heat Rejection Equipment 6.5.5 Heat Rejection Equipment 6.5.5.1 General. Section 6.5.5 applies to heat rejection equipment used in comfort cooling systems such as air-cooled condensers, open cooling towers, closed-circuit cooling towers, and evaporative condensers. 6.5.5.1 General. Section 6.5.5 applies to heat rejection equipment used in comfort cooling systems such as air-cooled condensers, open cooling towers, closed-circuit cooling towers, and evaporative condensers. 6.5.5.2 Fan Speed Control. Each fan powered by a motor of 7.5 hp or larger shall have the capability to operate that fan at two-… 6.5.5.2 Fan Speed Control. Each fan powered by a motor of 7.5 hp or larger shall have the capability to operate that fan at two-… 6.5.6 Energy Recovery 6.5.6 Energy Recovery 6.5.6.1 Exhaust Air Energy Recovery. Individual fan systems that have both a design supply air capacity of 5000 cfm or greater a… 6.5.6.1 Exhaust Air Energy Recovery. Individual fan systems that have both a design supply air capacity of 5000 cfm or greater a… |
| 43 | 6.5.6.2 Heat Recovery for Service Water Heating 6.5.6.2 Heat Recovery for Service Water Heating 6.5.6.2.1 Condenser heat recovery systems shall be installed for heating or preheating of service hot water provided all of the following are true: 6.5.6.2.1 Condenser heat recovery systems shall be installed for heating or preheating of service hot water provided all of the following are true: 6.5.6.2.2 The required heat recovery system shall have the capacity to provide the smaller of 6.5.6.2.2 The required heat recovery system shall have the capacity to provide the smaller of 6.5.7 Exhaust Hoods 6.5.7 Exhaust Hoods 6.5.7.1 Kitchen Hoods. Individual kitchen exhaust hoods larger than 5000 cfm shall be provided with makeup air sized for at least 50% of exhaust air volume that is 6.5.7.1 Kitchen Hoods. Individual kitchen exhaust hoods larger than 5000 cfm shall be provided with makeup air sized for at least 50% of exhaust air volume that is 6.5.7.2 Fume Hoods. Buildings with fume hood systems having a total exhaust rate greater than 15,000 cfm shall include at least one of the following features: 6.5.7.2 Fume Hoods. Buildings with fume hood systems having a total exhaust rate greater than 15,000 cfm shall include at least one of the following features: 6.5.8 Radiant Heating Systems 6.5.8 Radiant Heating Systems 6.5.8.1 Heating Unenclosed Spaces. Radiant heating shall be used when heating is required for unenclosed spaces. 6.5.8.1 Heating Unenclosed Spaces. Radiant heating shall be used when heating is required for unenclosed spaces. 6.5.8.2 Heating Enclosed Spaces. Radiant heating systems that are used as primary or supplemental enclosed space heating must be in conformance with the governing provisions of the standard, including, but not limited to, the following: 6.5.8.2 Heating Enclosed Spaces. Radiant heating systems that are used as primary or supplemental enclosed space heating must be in conformance with the governing provisions of the standard, including, but not limited to, the following: 6.5.9 Hot Gas Bypass Limitation. Cooling systems shall not use hot gas bypass or other evaporator pressure control systems unles… 6.5.9 Hot Gas Bypass Limitation. Cooling systems shall not use hot gas bypass or other evaporator pressure control systems unles… |
| 44 | 6.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used) 6.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used) 6.7 Submittals 6.7 Submittals 6.7.1 General. The Authority having jurisdiction may require submittal of compliance documentation and supplemental information in accord with Section 4.2.2 of this standard. 6.7.1 General. The Authority having jurisdiction may require submittal of compliance documentation and supplemental information in accord with Section 4.2.2 of this standard. 6.7.2 Completion Requirements. The following requirements are mandatory provisions and are necessary for compliance with the standard. 6.7.2 Completion Requirements. The following requirements are mandatory provisions and are necessary for compliance with the standard. 6.7.2.1 Drawings. Construction documents shall require that, within 90 days after the date of system acceptance, record drawings… 6.7.2.1 Drawings. Construction documents shall require that, within 90 days after the date of system acceptance, record drawings… 6.7.2.2 Manuals. Construction documents shall require that an operating manual and a maintenance manual be provided to the build… 6.7.2.2 Manuals. Construction documents shall require that an operating manual and a maintenance manual be provided to the build… 6.7.2.3 System Balancing 6.7.2.3 System Balancing 6.7.2.3.1 General. Construction documents shall require that all HVAC systems be balanced in accordance with generally accepted … 6.7.2.3.1 General. Construction documents shall require that all HVAC systems be balanced in accordance with generally accepted … 6.7.2.3.2 Air System Balancing. Air systems shall be balanced in a manner to first minimize throttling losses. Then, for fans with fan system power greater than 1 hp, fan speed shall be adjusted to meet design flow conditions. 6.7.2.3.2 Air System Balancing. Air systems shall be balanced in a manner to first minimize throttling losses. Then, for fans with fan system power greater than 1 hp, fan speed shall be adjusted to meet design flow conditions. 6.7.2.3.3 Hydronic System Balancing. Hydronic systems shall be proportionately balanced in a manner to first minimize throttling losses; then the pump impeller shall be trimmed or pump speed shall be adjusted to meet design flow conditions. 6.7.2.3.3 Hydronic System Balancing. Hydronic systems shall be proportionately balanced in a manner to first minimize throttling losses; then the pump impeller shall be trimmed or pump speed shall be adjusted to meet design flow conditions. 6.7.2.4 System Commissioning. HVAC control systems shall be tested to ensure that control elements are calibrated, adjusted, and… 6.7.2.4 System Commissioning. HVAC control systems shall be tested to ensure that control elements are calibrated, adjusted, and… 6.8 Minimum Equipment Efficiency Tables 6.8 Minimum Equipment Efficiency Tables 6.8.1 Minimum Efficiency Requirement Listed Equipment-Standard Rating and Operating Conditions 6.8.1 Minimum Efficiency Requirement Listed Equipment-Standard Rating and Operating Conditions |
| 56 | 6.8.2 Duct Insulation Tables 6.8.2 Duct Insulation Tables |
| 57 | 7. SERVICE WATER HEATING 7. SERVICE WATER HEATING 7.1 General 7.1 General 7.1.1 Service Water Heating Scope 7.1.1 Service Water Heating Scope 7.1.1.1 New Buildings. Service water heating systems and equipment shall comply with the requirements of this section as described in Section 7.2. 7.1.1.1 New Buildings. Service water heating systems and equipment shall comply with the requirements of this section as described in Section 7.2. 7.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. Service water heating systems and equipment shall comply with the requirements of this section. 7.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. Service water heating systems and equipment shall comply with the requirements of this section. 7.1.1.3 Alterations to Existing Buildings. Building service water heating equipment installed as a direct replacement for existi… 7.1.1.3 Alterations to Existing Buildings. Building service water heating equipment installed as a direct replacement for existi… 7.2 Compliance Path(s) 7.2 Compliance Path(s) 7.2.1 Compliance shall be achieved by meeting the requirements of Section 7.1, General; Section 7.4, Mandatory Provisions; Section 7.5, Prescriptive Path; Section 7.7, Submittals; and Section 7.8, Product Information. 7.2.1 Compliance shall be achieved by meeting the requirements of Section 7.1, General; Section 7.4, Mandatory Provisions; Section 7.5, Prescriptive Path; Section 7.7, Submittals; and Section 7.8, Product Information. 7.2.2 Projects using the Energy Cost Budget Method (Section 11) for demonstrating compliance with the standard shall meet the requirements of Section 7.4, Mandatory Provisions, in conjunction with Section 11, Energy Cost Budget Method. 7.2.2 Projects using the Energy Cost Budget Method (Section 11) for demonstrating compliance with the standard shall meet the requirements of Section 7.4, Mandatory Provisions, in conjunction with Section 11, Energy Cost Budget Method. 7.3 Simplified/Small Building Option (Not Used) 7.3 Simplified/Small Building Option (Not Used) 7.4 Mandatory Provisions 7.4 Mandatory Provisions 7.4.1 Load Calculations. Service water heating system design loads for the purpose of sizing systems and equipment shall be dete… 7.4.1 Load Calculations. Service water heating system design loads for the purpose of sizing systems and equipment shall be dete… 7.4.2 Equipment Efficiency. All water heating equipment, hot-water supply boilers used solely for heating potable water, pool he… 7.4.2 Equipment Efficiency. All water heating equipment, hot-water supply boilers used solely for heating potable water, pool he… |
| 58 | 7.4.3 Service Hot-Water Piping Insulation. The following piping shall be insulated to levels shown in Section 6, Table 6.8.3: 7.4.3 Service Hot-Water Piping Insulation. The following piping shall be insulated to levels shown in Section 6, Table 6.8.3: 7.4.4 Service Water Heating System Controls 7.4.4 Service Water Heating System Controls 7.4.4.1 Temperature Controls. Temperature controls shall be provided that allow for storage temperature adjustment from 120ËšF or lower to a maximum temperature compatible with the intended use. 7.4.4.1 Temperature Controls. Temperature controls shall be provided that allow for storage temperature adjustment from 120ËšF or lower to a maximum temperature compatible with the intended use. 7.4.4.2 Temperature Maintenance Controls. Systems designed to maintain usage temperatures in hot-water pipes, such as recirculat… 7.4.4.2 Temperature Maintenance Controls. Systems designed to maintain usage temperatures in hot-water pipes, such as recirculat… 7.4.4.3 Outlet Temperature Controls. Temperature controlling means shall be provided to limit the maximum temperature of water delivered from lavatory faucets in public facility restrooms to 110ËšF. 7.4.4.3 Outlet Temperature Controls. Temperature controlling means shall be provided to limit the maximum temperature of water delivered from lavatory faucets in public facility restrooms to 110ËšF. 7.4.4.4 Circulating Pump Controls. When used to maintain storage tank water temperature, recirculating pumps shall be equipped w… 7.4.4.4 Circulating Pump Controls. When used to maintain storage tank water temperature, recirculating pumps shall be equipped w… 7.4.5 Pools 7.4.5 Pools 7.4.5.1 Pool Heaters. Pool heaters shall be equipped with a readily accessible on/off switch to allow shutting off the heater without adjusting the thermostat setting. Pool heaters fired by natural gas shall not have continuously burning pilot lights. 7.4.5.1 Pool Heaters. Pool heaters shall be equipped with a readily accessible on/off switch to allow shutting off the heater without adjusting the thermostat setting. Pool heaters fired by natural gas shall not have continuously burning pilot lights. 7.4.5.2 Pool Covers. Heated pools shall be equipped with a vapor retardant pool cover on or at the water surface. Pools heated to more than 90ËšF shall have a pool cover with a minimum insulation value of R-12. 7.4.5.2 Pool Covers. Heated pools shall be equipped with a vapor retardant pool cover on or at the water surface. Pools heated to more than 90ËšF shall have a pool cover with a minimum insulation value of R-12. 7.4.5.3 Time Switches. Time switches shall be installed on swimming pool heaters and pumps. 7.4.5.3 Time Switches. Time switches shall be installed on swimming pool heaters and pumps. 7.4.6 Heat Traps. Vertical pipe risers serving storage water heaters and storage tanks not having integral heat traps and servin… 7.4.6 Heat Traps. Vertical pipe risers serving storage water heaters and storage tanks not having integral heat traps and servin… 7.5 Prescriptive Path 7.5 Prescriptive Path 7.5.1 Space Heating and Water Heating. The use of a gas-fired or oil-fired space-heating boiler system otherwise complying with … 7.5.1 Space Heating and Water Heating. The use of a gas-fired or oil-fired space-heating boiler system otherwise complying with … 7.5.2 Service Water Heating Equipment. Service water heating equipment used to provide the additional function of space heating as part of a combination (integrated) system shall satisfy all stated requirements for the service water heating equipment. 7.5.2 Service Water Heating Equipment. Service water heating equipment used to provide the additional function of space heating as part of a combination (integrated) system shall satisfy all stated requirements for the service water heating equipment. 7.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used) 7.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used) 7.7 Submittals 7.7 Submittals 7.7.1 General. The authority having jurisdiction may require submittal of compliance documentation and supplemental information, in accord with Section 4.2.2 of this standard. 7.7.1 General. The authority having jurisdiction may require submittal of compliance documentation and supplemental information, in accord with Section 4.2.2 of this standard. |
| 59 | 7.8 Product Information 7.8 Product Information |
| 60 | 8. POWER 8. POWER 8.1 General. This section applies to all building power distribution systems. 8.1 General. This section applies to all building power distribution systems. 8.2 Compliance Path(s) 8.2 Compliance Path(s) 8.2.1 Power distribution systems in all projects shall comply with the requirements of Section 8.1, General; Section 8.4, Mandatory Provisions; and Section 8.7, Submittals. 8.2.1 Power distribution systems in all projects shall comply with the requirements of Section 8.1, General; Section 8.4, Mandatory Provisions; and Section 8.7, Submittals. 8.3 Simplified/Small Building Option (Not Used) 8.3 Simplified/Small Building Option (Not Used) 8.4 Mandatory Provisions 8.4 Mandatory Provisions 8.4.1 Voltage Drop 8.4.1 Voltage Drop 8.4.1.1 Feeders. Feeder conductors shall be sized for a maximum voltage drop of 2% at design load. 8.4.1.1 Feeders. Feeder conductors shall be sized for a maximum voltage drop of 2% at design load. 8.4.1.2 Branch Circuits. Branch circuit conductors shall be sized for a maximum voltage drop of 3% at design load. 8.4.1.2 Branch Circuits. Branch circuit conductors shall be sized for a maximum voltage drop of 3% at design load. 8.5 Prescriptive Path (Not Used) 8.5 Prescriptive Path (Not Used) 8.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used) 8.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used) 8.7 Submittals 8.7 Submittals 8.7.1 Drawings. Construction documents shall require that within 30 days after the date of system acceptance, record drawings of the actual installation shall be provided to the building owner, including 8.7.1 Drawings. Construction documents shall require that within 30 days after the date of system acceptance, record drawings of the actual installation shall be provided to the building owner, including 8.7.2 Manuals. Construction documents shall require that an operating manual and maintenance manual be provided to the building owner. The manuals shall include, at a minimum, the following: 8.7.2 Manuals. Construction documents shall require that an operating manual and maintenance manual be provided to the building owner. The manuals shall include, at a minimum, the following: 8.8 Product Information (Not Used) 8.8 Product Information (Not Used) 9. LIGHTING 9. LIGHTING 9.1 General 9.1 General 9.1.1 Scope. This section shall apply to the following: 9.1.1 Scope. This section shall apply to the following: 9.1.2 Lighting Alterations. The replacement of lighting systems in any building space shall comply with the LPD requirements of … 9.1.2 Lighting Alterations. The replacement of lighting systems in any building space shall comply with the LPD requirements of … 9.1.3 Installed Interior Lighting Power. The installed interior lighting power shall include all power used by the luminaires, including lamps, ballasts, transformers, and control devices except as specifically exempted in Section 9.2.2.3. 9.1.3 Installed Interior Lighting Power. The installed interior lighting power shall include all power used by the luminaires, including lamps, ballasts, transformers, and control devices except as specifically exempted in Section 9.2.2.3. |
| 61 | 9.1.4 Luminaire Wattage. Luminaire wattage incorporated into the installed interior lighting power shall be determined in accordance with the following criteria: 9.1.4 Luminaire Wattage. Luminaire wattage incorporated into the installed interior lighting power shall be determined in accordance with the following criteria: 9.2 Compliance Path(s) 9.2 Compliance Path(s) 9.2.1 Lighting systems and equipment shall comply with Section 9.1, General; Section 9.4, Mandatory Provisions; and the prescriptive requirements of either 9.2.1 Lighting systems and equipment shall comply with Section 9.1, General; Section 9.4, Mandatory Provisions; and the prescriptive requirements of either 9.2.2 Prescriptive Requirements 9.2.2 Prescriptive Requirements 9.2.2.1 The Building Area Method for determining the interior lighting power allowance, described in Section 9.5, is a simplified approach for demonstrating compliance. 9.2.2.1 The Building Area Method for determining the interior lighting power allowance, described in Section 9.5, is a simplified approach for demonstrating compliance. 9.2.2.2 The Space-by-Space Method, described in Section 9.6, is an alternative approach that allows greater flexibility. 9.2.2.2 The Space-by-Space Method, described in Section 9.6, is an alternative approach that allows greater flexibility. 9.2.2.3 Interior Lighting Power. The interior lighting power allowance for a building or a separately metered or permitted porti… 9.2.2.3 Interior Lighting Power. The interior lighting power allowance for a building or a separately metered or permitted porti… 9.3 (Not Used) 9.3 (Not Used) 9.4 Mandatory Provisions 9.4 Mandatory Provisions 9.4.1 Lighting Control 9.4.1 Lighting Control 9.4.1.1 Automatic Lighting Shutoff. Interior lighting in buildings larger than 5000 ft2 shall be controlled with an automatic control device to shut off building lighting in all spaces. This automatic control device shall function on either 9.4.1.1 Automatic Lighting Shutoff. Interior lighting in buildings larger than 5000 ft2 shall be controlled with an automatic control device to shut off building lighting in all spaces. This automatic control device shall function on either |
| 62 | 9.4.1.2 Space Control. Each space enclosed by ceiling- height partitions shall have at least one control device to independently… 9.4.1.2 Space Control. Each space enclosed by ceiling- height partitions shall have at least one control device to independently… 9.4.1.3 Exterior Lighting Control. Lighting for all exterior applications not exempted in Section 9.1 shall have automatic contr… 9.4.1.3 Exterior Lighting Control. Lighting for all exterior applications not exempted in Section 9.1 shall have automatic contr… 9.4.1.4 Additional Control 9.4.1.4 Additional Control 9.4.2 Tandem Wiring. Luminaires designed for use with one or three linear fluorescent lamps greater than 30 W each shall use two… 9.4.2 Tandem Wiring. Luminaires designed for use with one or three linear fluorescent lamps greater than 30 W each shall use two… 9.4.3 Exit Signs. Internally illuminated exit signs shall not exceed 5 W per face. 9.4.3 Exit Signs. Internally illuminated exit signs shall not exceed 5 W per face. 9.4.4 Exterior Building Grounds Lighting. All exterior building grounds luminaires that operate at greater than 100 W shall cont… 9.4.4 Exterior Building Grounds Lighting. All exterior building grounds luminaires that operate at greater than 100 W shall cont… 9.4.5 Exterior Building Lighting Power. The total exterior lighting power allowance for all exterior building applications is th… 9.4.5 Exterior Building Lighting Power. The total exterior lighting power allowance for all exterior building applications is th… |
| 63 | 9.5 Building Area Method Compliance Path 9.5 Building Area Method Compliance Path 9.5.1 Building Area Method of Calculating Interior Lighting Power Allowance. Use the following steps to determine the interior lighting power allowance by the Building Area Method: 9.5.1 Building Area Method of Calculating Interior Lighting Power Allowance. Use the following steps to determine the interior lighting power allowance by the Building Area Method: |
| 64 | 9.6 Alternative Compliance Path: Space-by-Space Method 9.6 Alternative Compliance Path: Space-by-Space Method 9.6.1 Space-by-Space Method of Calculating Interior Lighting Power Allowance. Use the following steps to determine the interior lighting power allowance by the Space-by- Space Method: 9.6.1 Space-by-Space Method of Calculating Interior Lighting Power Allowance. Use the following steps to determine the interior lighting power allowance by the Space-by- Space Method: 9.6.2 Additional Interior Lighting Power. When using the Space-by-Space Method, an increase in the interior lighting power allow… 9.6.2 Additional Interior Lighting Power. When using the Space-by-Space Method, an increase in the interior lighting power allow… |
| 66 | 9.7 Submittals (Not Used) 9.7 Submittals (Not Used) 9.8 Product Information (Not Used) 9.8 Product Information (Not Used) 10. OTHER EQUIPMENT 10. OTHER EQUIPMENT 10.1 General 10.1 General 10.1.1 Scope. This section applies only to the equipment described below. 10.1.1 Scope. This section applies only to the equipment described below. 10.1.1.1 New Buildings. Other equipment installed in new buildings shall comply with the requirements of this section. 10.1.1.1 New Buildings. Other equipment installed in new buildings shall comply with the requirements of this section. 10.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. Other equipment installed in additions to existing buildings shall comply with the requirements of this section. 10.1.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. Other equipment installed in additions to existing buildings shall comply with the requirements of this section. 10.1.1.3 Alterations to Existing Buildings 10.1.1.3 Alterations to Existing Buildings 10.1.1.3.1 Alterations to other building service equipment or systems shall comply with the requirements of this section applicable to those specific portions of the building and its systems that are being altered. 10.1.1.3.1 Alterations to other building service equipment or systems shall comply with the requirements of this section applicable to those specific portions of the building and its systems that are being altered. 10.1.1.3.2 Any new equipment subject to the requirements of this section that is installed in conjunction with the alterations, … 10.1.1.3.2 Any new equipment subject to the requirements of this section that is installed in conjunction with the alterations, … 10.2 Compliance Path(s) 10.2 Compliance Path(s) 10.2.1 Compliance with Section 10 shall be achieved by meeting all requirements of Section 10.1, General; Section 10.4, Mandatory Provisions; and Section 10.8, Product Information. 10.2.1 Compliance with Section 10 shall be achieved by meeting all requirements of Section 10.1, General; Section 10.4, Mandatory Provisions; and Section 10.8, Product Information. 10.2.2 Projects using the Energy Cost Budget Method (Section 11 of this standard) must comply with Section 10.4, the mandatory provisions of this section, as a portion of that compliance path. 10.2.2 Projects using the Energy Cost Budget Method (Section 11 of this standard) must comply with Section 10.4, the mandatory provisions of this section, as a portion of that compliance path. 10.3 Simplified/Small Building Option (Not Used) 10.3 Simplified/Small Building Option (Not Used) 10.4 Mandatory Provisions 10.4 Mandatory Provisions 10.4.1 Electric Motors. Electric motors shall comply with the requirements of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 where applicable, as… 10.4.1 Electric Motors. Electric motors shall comply with the requirements of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 where applicable, as… |
| 67 | 10.5 Prescriptive Compliance Path (Not Used) 10.5 Prescriptive Compliance Path (Not Used) 10.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used) 10.6 Alternative Compliance Path (Not Used) 10.7 Submittals (Not Used) 10.7 Submittals (Not Used) 10.8 Product Information 10.8 Product Information 11. ENERGY COST BUDGET METHOD 11. ENERGY COST BUDGET METHOD 11.1 General 11.1 General 11.1.1 Energy Cost Budget Method Scope. The building Energy Cost Budget Method is an alternative to the prescriptive provisions … 11.1.1 Energy Cost Budget Method Scope. The building Energy Cost Budget Method is an alternative to the prescriptive provisions … 11.1.2 Trade-Offs Limited to Building Permit. When the building permit being sought applies to less than the whole building, onl… 11.1.2 Trade-Offs Limited to Building Permit. When the building permit being sought applies to less than the whole building, onl… 11.1.3 Envelope Limitation. For new buildings or additions, the building Energy Cost Budget Method results shall not be submitte… 11.1.3 Envelope Limitation. For new buildings or additions, the building Energy Cost Budget Method results shall not be submitte… 11.1.4 Compliance. Compliance with Section 11 will be achieved if 11.1.4 Compliance. Compliance with Section 11 will be achieved if |
| 68 | 11.1.5 Documentation Requirements. Compliance shall be documented and submitted to the authority having jurisdiction. The information submitted shall include the following: 11.1.5 Documentation Requirements. Compliance shall be documented and submitted to the authority having jurisdiction. The information submitted shall include the following: 11.2 Simulation General Requirements 11.2 Simulation General Requirements 11.2.1 Simulation Program. The simulation program shall be a computer-based program for the analysis of energy consumption in bu… 11.2.1 Simulation Program. The simulation program shall be a computer-based program for the analysis of energy consumption in bu… 11.2.1.1 The simulation program shall be approved by the adopting authority and shall, at a minimum, have the ability to explicitly model all of the following: 11.2.1.1 The simulation program shall be approved by the adopting authority and shall, at a minimum, have the ability to explicitly model all of the following: 11.2.1.2 The simulation program shall have the ability to either 11.2.1.2 The simulation program shall have the ability to either 11.2.1.3 The simulation program shall be capable of performing design load calculations to determine required HVAC equipment cap… 11.2.1.3 The simulation program shall be capable of performing design load calculations to determine required HVAC equipment cap… 11.2.1.4 The simulation program shall be tested according to Standard 140, and the results shall be furnished by the software provider. 11.2.1.4 The simulation program shall be tested according to Standard 140, and the results shall be furnished by the software provider. 11.2.2 Climatic Data. The simulation program shall perform the simulation using hourly values of climatic data, such as temperat… 11.2.2 Climatic Data. The simulation program shall perform the simulation using hourly values of climatic data, such as temperat… 11.2.3 Purchased Energy Rates. Annual energy costs shall be determined using rates for purchased energy, such as electricity, gas, oil, propane, steam, and chilled water, and approved by the adopting authority. 11.2.3 Purchased Energy Rates. Annual energy costs shall be determined using rates for purchased energy, such as electricity, gas, oil, propane, steam, and chilled water, and approved by the adopting authority. 11.2.4 Compliance Calculations. The design energy cost and energy cost budget shall be calculated using 11.2.4 Compliance Calculations. The design energy cost and energy cost budget shall be calculated using 11.2.5 Exceptional Calculation Methods. Where no simulation program is available that adequately models a design, material, or d… 11.2.5 Exceptional Calculation Methods. Where no simulation program is available that adequately models a design, material, or d… |
| 69 | 11.3 Calculation of Design Energy Cost and Energy Cost Budget 11.3 Calculation of Design Energy Cost and Energy Cost Budget 11.3.1 The simulation model for calculating the design energy cost and the energy cost budget shall be developed in accordance with the requirements in Table 11.3.1. 11.3.1 The simulation model for calculating the design energy cost and the energy cost budget shall be developed in accordance with the requirements in Table 11.3.1. |
| 73 | 11.3.2 HVAC Systems. The HVAC system type and related performance parameters for the budget building design shall be determined from Figure 11.3.2, the system descriptions in Table 11.3.2A and accompanying notes, and the following rules: 11.3.2 HVAC Systems. The HVAC system type and related performance parameters for the budget building design shall be determined from Figure 11.3.2, the system descriptions in Table 11.3.2A and accompanying notes, and the following rules: |
| 76 | 12. NORMATIVE REFERENCES 12. NORMATIVE REFERENCES |
| 78 | NORMATIVE APPENDIX A NORMATIVE APPENDIX A RATED R-VALUE OF INSULATION AND ASSEMBLY U-FACTOR, C-FACTOR, AND F-FACTOR DETERMINATIONS RATED R-VALUE OF INSULATION AND ASSEMBLY U-FACTOR, C-FACTOR, AND F-FACTOR DETERMINATIONS |
| 105 | NORMATIVE APPENDIX B BUILDING ENVELOPE CLIMATE CRITERIA NORMATIVE APPENDIX B BUILDING ENVELOPE CLIMATE CRITERIA |
| 116 | NORMATIVE APPENDIX C METHODOLOGY FOR BUILDING ENVELOPE TRADE-OFF OPTION IN SUBSECTION 5.6 NORMATIVE APPENDIX C METHODOLOGY FOR BUILDING ENVELOPE TRADE-OFF OPTION IN SUBSECTION 5.6 |
| 125 | NORMATIVE APPENDIX D CLIMATIC DATA NORMATIVE APPENDIX D CLIMATIC DATA |
| 170 | INFORMATIVE APPENDIX E INFORMATIVE REFERENCES INFORMATIVE APPENDIX E INFORMATIVE REFERENCES Address/Contact Information Address/Contact Information |
| 172 | INFORMATIVE APPENDIX F ADDENDA DESCRIPTION INFORMATION INFORMATIVE APPENDIX F ADDENDA DESCRIPTION INFORMATION |
| 175 | INFORMATIVE APPENDIX G PERFORMANCE RATING METHOD INFORMATIVE APPENDIX G PERFORMANCE RATING METHOD |
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