ASTM-E855 2008(Redline)

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E855-08 Standard Test Methods for Bend Testing of Metallic Flat Materials for Spring Applications Involving Static Loading (Redline)

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASTM	2008	11

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Description

Significance and Use

Measurements of bending strength and modulus of elasticity in bending should be made for materials whose principal stressing mode is bending. For many materials, the tensile and compressive moduli are somewhat different. Since the bending modulus is a combination of the tensile and compressive moduli, it is often different from each of them.

Precise measurements of the modulus of elasticity in bending and bending strength require due regard for numerous variables that may affect their determination. These include ( 1 ) characteristics such as specimen orientation with respect to the rolling direction, grain size, residual stresses, previous strain history, dimensions and specimen preparation, orientation of deformed grains relative to the direction of the normal stress; and ( 2 ) test conditions, such as tem- perature, temperature variations, condition of the test equipment and adherence to the recommended test procedure.

1. Scope

1.1 This standard describes three test methods for determining the modulus of elasticity in bending and the bending strength of metallic strips or sheets intended for the use in flat springs:

1.1.1 Test Method A — a cantilever beam,

1.1.2 Test Method B — a three-point loaded beam (that is, a beam resting on two supports and centrally loaded), and

1.1.3 Test Method C — a four-point loaded beam (that is, a beam resting on two supports and loaded at two points equally spaced from each support).

1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

6.1 This test method covers the determination of the modulus of elasticity in bending and the offset yield strength in bending of flat metallic strips or sheets for spring applications. The test procedure involves measurements of the applied moment and the corresponding angle of deflection of a cantilever beam. The thickness range covered is 0.015 to 0.130 in. (0.38 to 3.30 mm). This test method is not applicable for nonlinear elastic materials.

15.1 These test methods cover the determination of the modulus of elasticity in bending and the bending proof strength of flat metallic strips or sheets for spring applications. The test methods consist of deflection tests of a simple beam configuration subjected to either three- or four-point symmetrical loading. The thickness range covered is 0.010 to 0.050 in. (0.25 to 1.3 mm).

Note 3—Thickness ranges outside of those specified may be agreed upon between suppliers and users.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing E111 Test Method for Youngs Modulus, Tangent Modulus, and Chord Modulus E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method

Keywords

Bend testing–metallic materials; Cantilever testing; Four-point loaded beam method; Loading tests–metals/alloys; Mass moment of inertia; Mechanical analysis/testing; Metallic sheet materials; Metal springs; Modulus of elasticity; Oscillatin

Additional information

Standard Title	E855-08 Standard Test Methods for Bend Testing of Metallic Flat Materials for Spring Applications Involving Static Loading (Redline)
Published Code	ASTM
Publication Date	2008
Pages Count	11

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ASTM-E855 2008(Redline)

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