BS EN IEC 62209-3:2019
$215.11
Measurement procedure for the assessment of specific absorption rate of human exposure to radio frequency fields from hand-held and body-mounted wireless communication devices – Vector measurement-based systems (Frequency range of 600 MHz to 6 GHz)
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2019 | 144 |
IEC 62209-3: 2019 specifies measurement protocols and test procedures for the reproducible measurement of peak spatial-average specific absorption rate (psSAR) induced inside a simplified model of a human head or body by radio-frequency (RF) transmitting devices, with a specified measurement uncertainty. Requirements are provided for psSAR assessment using vector measurement-based systems. Such systems determine the psSAR by three-dimensional (3D) field reconstruction within the volume of interest in accordance with the requirements herein for the measurement system, calibration, uncertainty assessment and validation methods. The protocols and procedures apply for the psSAR assessments covering a significant majority of people including children during use of wireless communication devices operated in close proximity to the head or body. This document is applicable to wireless communication devices intended to be used at a position near the human head or body at distances up to and including 200 mm. This document may be employed to evaluate SAR compliance of different types of wireless communication devices used next to the ear, in front of the face, mounted on the body, combined with other RF-transmitting or non-transmitting devices or accessories (e.g. belt-clip), or embedded in garments. The overall applicable frequency range is from 600 MHz to 6 GHz. The system validation procedures provided within this document cover frequencies from 600 MHz to 6 GHz. With a vector measurement-based system this document can be employed to evaluate SAR compliance of different types of wireless communication devices. The wireless communication device categories covered include but are not limited to mobile telephones, cordless microphones, auxiliary broadcast devices and radio transmitters in personal computers, desktop and laptop devices, multi-band, multi-antenna, and push-to-talk devices. Key Words: Human Exposure, Hand-Held and Body Mounted Wireless Communication Devices.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | undefined |
| 5 | Annex ZA(normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications |
| 7 | English CONTENTS |
| 14 | FOREWORD |
| 16 | INTRODUCTION |
| 17 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references |
| 18 | 3 Terms and definitions |
| 19 | 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 5 Overview of the measurement procedure |
| 20 | Figures Figure 1 – Evaluation plan checklist |
| 21 | Tables Table 1 – Evaluation plan checklist |
| 22 | 6 Measurement system specifications 6.1 General requirements |
| 24 | 6.2 Phantom specifications 6.2.1 Head phantom specifications – shell 6.2.2 Body phantom specifications – shell 6.2.3 Tissue-equivalent medium properties 6.3 Measurement system requirements 6.3.1 General 6.3.2 Scanning measurement system specifications |
| 25 | 6.3.3 Array measurement system specifications |
| 26 | 6.4 Device holder specification |
| 27 | 6.5 Reconstruction algorithm and peak spatial-averaging specifications 7 Protocol for SAR assessments 7.1 Measurement preparation 7.1.1 General 7.1.2 Preparation of tissue-equivalent medium Figure 2 – Illustration of the shape and orientation relative to a curved phantomsurface of the distorted cubic volume for computing psSAR |
| 28 | 7.1.4 Preparation of the device under test (DUT) 7.1.5 Operating modes 7.1.6 Position of the DUT in relation to the phantom 7.1.7 Positions of the DUT in relation to the flat phantom for large DUT |
| 29 | 7.1.8 Test frequencies for DUT 7.2 Tests to be performed Figure 3 – Measurements performed by shifting a large device over the efficientmeasurement area of the system including overlapping areas –in this case: six tests performed |
| 30 | 7.3 General measurement procedure 7.3.1 General 7.3.2 Measurement procedure for scanning systems |
| 31 | 7.3.3 Measurement procedure for array systems 7.4 SAR measurements for simultaneous transmission 7.4.1 General |
| 32 | 7.4.2 SAR measurements for uncorrelated signals Figure 4 – Flow chart for SAR measurements of uncorrelated signals at different frequencies using a measurement system able to distinguish between different frequency components (Method 2) |
| 33 | Figure 5 – Illustration of the amplitude spectrum, as function of frequency, for simultaneously transmitted signals of multiple frequency bands emitted by a DUT |
| 34 | Figure 6 – Illustration of a completely covered signal bandwidth Bs by the measurement system analysis bandwidth Ba at single transmission mode Figure 7 – Illustration of a completely covered signal bandwidthsBsi (for i = 2 to N) by the measurement system analysis bandwidth Bafor simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode Figure 8 – Illustration of a non-coverage of the signal bandwidthsBsi (for i = 2 to N) by the measurement system analysis bandwidth Bafor simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode |
| 35 | Figure 9 – Illustration of a partial-coverage of the signal bandwidthsBsi (for i = 2 to N) by the measurement system analysis bandwidth Bafor simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode Figure 10 – Illustration of reduction of the measurement system analysisbandwidth Ba to cover only one signal bandwidth Bsi (for i = 1 to N)for simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode Figure 11 – Illustration of increasing or moving the measurement systemanalysis bandwidth Ba to cover one or more signal bandwidth Bsi (for i = 1 to N)for simultaneous multiple-frequency transmission mode |
| 36 | 7.4.3 SAR measurements for correlated signals |
| 37 | 8 Measurement uncertainty estimation 8.1 General 8.2 Requirements on the measurement uncertainty evaluation |
| 38 | 8.3 Description of measurement uncertainty models 8.3.1 General |
| 39 | 8.3.2 Uncertainty models for array measurement system and scanning measurement systems |
| 40 | 8.3.3 Example uncertainty budget templates |
| 41 | Table 2 – Uncertainty budget template for the evaluation of the measurement system uncertainty of the 1 g or 10 g psSAR to be carried out by the system manufacturer |
| 42 | Table 3 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertaintyin the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from a DUT |
| 43 | Table 4 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertaintyin the measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from a validation antenna |
| 44 | 9 Measurement report Table 5 – Uncertainty budget template for evaluating the uncertainty inthe measured value of 1 g SAR or 10 g SAR from the system check |
| 45 | Annex A (normative)Phantom specifications A.1 SAM phantom specifications A.1.1 Justification A.1.2 SAM phantom geometry A.1.3 Tissue-equivalent medium |
| 46 | A.2 Flat phantom specifications Figure A.1 – Sagittally-bisected phantom with extended perimeter,used for scanning measurement systems |
| 47 | A.3 Specific phantoms Figure A.2 – Dimensions of the elliptical phantom |
| 48 | A.4 Tissue-equivalent medium Table A.1 – Dielectric properties of the tissue-equivalent medium |
| 49 | Annex B (normative)Calibration and characterization of dosimetric probes B.1 General B.2 Types of calibration B.2.1 Amplitude calibration with analytical fields |
| 50 | B.2.2 Amplitude and phase calibration by transfer calibration Table B.1 – Uncertainty analysis for single-probe calibration in waveguide |
| 51 | Table B.2 – Uncertainty analysis for transfer calibration of array systems |
| 52 | B.2.3 Amplitude and phase calibration using numerical reference |
| 53 | Table B.3 – Uncertainty analysis of transfer calibration of array systems |
| 54 | Annex C (informative)Field reconstruction techniques C.1 General C.2 Objective of field reconstruction techniques C.3 Background |
| 55 | Figure C.1 – Coordinate system for 2D planar measurement-system Figure C.2 – Generic configuration of SAR measurement system |
| 56 | C.4 Reconstruction techniques C.4.1 Expansion techniques |
| 57 | C.4.2 Source reconstruction techniques C.4.3 Source base function decomposition C.4.4 Phase reconstruction Figure C.3 – Schematic representation of 2D planar measurement-based SARsystem and its coordinate system |
| 58 | C.5 Source reconstruction and SAR estimation from fields measured outside the phantom C.6 Additional considerations for field reconstruction in scanning systems Figure C.4 – Source reconstruction from fields outside a phantom |
| 59 | Annex D (normative)SAR measurement system verification and system validation D.1 Objectives and purpose D.1.1 General D.1.2 Objectives and purpose of system check D.1.3 Objectives of system validation |
| 60 | D.2 SAR measurement setup and procedure for system check and system validation D.2.1 General D.2.2 Power measurement setups |
| 61 | Figure D.1 – Recommended power measurement setupfor system check and system validation |
| 62 | D.2.3 Procedure to measure and normalize SAR Figure D.2 – Equipment setup for measurement of forwardpower Pf and forward coupled power Pfc |
| 63 | Figure D.3 – Equipment setup for measuring the shorted reverse coupled power Prcs Figure D.4 – Equipment setup for measuring the powerwith the reference antenna connected |
| 64 | D.2.4 Power measurement uncertainty |
| 65 | Figure D.5 – Port numbering for the S-parameter measurementsof the directional coupler Table D.1 – Example of power measurement uncertainty in % |
| 66 | D.3 System check D.3.1 System check antennas and test conditions D.3.2 System check antennas and test conditions for scanning systems D.3.3 System check antennas and test conditions for array systems |
| 67 | D.3.4 System check acceptance criteria D.4 System validation D.4.1 Validation of array systems and scanning systems D.4.2 Requirements for system validation antennas and test conditions D.4.3 Requirements for array systems and scanning systems |
| 69 | D.4.4 Test positions for system validation Table D.2 – Modulations and multiplexing modes used by radio systems |
| 70 | Figure D.6 – SAM masks for positioning dipole antennas and VPIFAs on the head phantoms, including holes where the antenna spacer is inserted |
| 71 | Figure D.7 – Flat masks for positioning VPIFAs on the flat phantoms, including a hole in the centre where the VPIFA spacer is inserted |
| 72 | Figure D.8 – Dipole showing the distance of s = 15 mm Figure D.9 – 2-PEAK CPIFA showing the fixed distance of s = 7 mm |
| 73 | Figure D.10 – VPIFA positioned showing the fixed distance of s = 2 mm |
| 74 | Figure D.11 – System check and validation locations for the flat phantom |
| 75 | Figure D.12 – System check and validation locations for the head phantom |
| 76 | D.4.5 System validation procedure based on peak spatial-average SAR Figure D.13 – Definition of rotation angles for dipoles |
| 77 | Table D.3 – Peak spatial-average SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1 g and 10 g values for the flat phantom filled with tissue-equivalent medium for the antennas specified in Annex F |
| 78 | Table D.4 – Peak spatial-average SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1 g and 10 g values for antenna generating two peaks on the flat phantom filled with tissue-equivalent medium for the antennas specified in Annex F |
| 79 | Table D.5 – Peak spatial-average SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1 g and 10 g values on the head leftand right phantom for the antennas specified in Annex F |
| 84 | D.4.6 On-site system validation after installation Table D.6 – Peak spatial-average SAR (psSAR) averaged over 1 g and 10 g values for antenna generating two peaks on the head left and right phantom for the antennas specified in Annex F. Modulations are as specified in Table D.2 Table D.7 – Set of randomised tests for on-site system validation using flat phantom 1 g and 10 g psSAR, normalized to 1 W forward power, using the antennas specified in Annex F |
| 85 | D.4.7 System validation acceptance criteria Table D.8 – Set of tests for on-site system validation using left and right head phantoms for 1 g and 10 g psSAR for the antennas specified in Annex F |
| 87 | Annex E (informative)Interlaboratory comparisons E.1 Purpose E.2 Monitor laboratory E.3 Phantom set-up E.4 Reference devices |
| 88 | E.5 Power set-up E.6 Interlaboratory comparison – Procedure |
| 89 | Annex F (normative)System validation antennas F.1 General requirements F.2 Return loss requirements |
| 90 | F.3 Standard dipole antenna Table F.1 – Return loss values for antennas specified in Annex Fand flat phantom filled with tissue-equivalent medium |
| 91 | Table F.2 – Mechanical dimensions of the reference dipoles |
| 92 | Figure F.1 – Mechanical details of the standard dipole |
| 93 | F.4 VPIFA |
| 94 | Figure F.2 – VPIFA validation antenna |
| 95 | F.5 2-PEAK CPIFA Table F.3 – Dimensions for VPIFA antennas at different frequencies Table F.4 – Dielectric properties of the dielectric layers for VPIFA antennas |
| 97 | Figure F.3 – 2-PEAK CPIFA at 2 450 MHz |
| 98 | Figure F.4 – Detail of the tuning structure and matching structure Table F.5 – Thickness of substrates and planar metallization Table F.6 – Dielectric properties of FR4 |
| 99 | F.6 Additional antennas Table F.7 – Values for the antenna dimensions in Figures F.4 and F.5 |
| 100 | Annex G (normative)SAR calibration of reference antennas G.1 Purpose Figure G.1 – Measurement setup for waveguide calibration of dosimetric probe,and similar setup (same tissue-equivalent liquid, dielectric spacer,power sensors and coupler) for antenna calibration |
| 101 | G.2 Parameters or quantities and ranges to be determined by calibration method G.3 Reference antenna calibration setup Figure G.2 – Setup for calibration of a reference antenna |
| 102 | G.4 Reference antenna calibration procedure G.4.1 Verification of return loss G.4.2 Calibration of reference antennas: step-by-step procedure |
| 103 | G.4.3 Uncertainty budget of reference antenna calibration |
| 104 | Table G.1 – Example uncertainty budget for reference dipole antennacalibration for 1 g and 10 g averaged SAR (750 MHz to 3 GHz) |
| 105 | Table G.2 – Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna calibration (PIFA)for 1 g and 10 g averaged SAR (750 MHz to 3 GHz) |
| 106 | Table G.3 – Example uncertainty budget for reference antenna (dipole) calibrationfor 1 g and 10 g averaged SAR (3 GHz to 6 GHz) |
| 107 | G.5 Method and uncertainties for the transfer of calibration between two of more antennas of the same type using the array system |
| 108 | Figure G.3 – Method for the transfer of calibration between two antennasof the same type using the array system |
| 109 | Table G.4 – Example uncertainty budget for the calibration ofan antenna using the transfer method, as percentages |
| 110 | Annex H (informative)General considerations on uncertainty estimation H.1 Concept of uncertainty estimation |
| 111 | H.2 Type A and Type B evaluations H.3 Degrees of freedom and coverage factor |
| 112 | H.4 Combined and expanded uncertainties |
| 113 | H.5 Analytical reference functions |
| 114 | Table H.1 – Parameters of analytical reference functionsand associated reference peak 10 g SAR value |
| 116 | Annex I (normative)Evaluation of measurement uncertainty of SAR results from scanning vector measurement-based systems with single probes I.1 Measurement uncertainties to be evaluated by the system manufacturer MM I.1.1 General I.1.2 Calibration CF I.1.3 Isotropy ISO |
| 117 | I.1.4 System linearity LIN I.1.5 Sensitivity limit SL I.1.6 Boundary effect BE |
| 118 | I.1.7 Readout electronics RE I.1.8 Response time RT I.1.9 Probe positioning PP I.1.10 Sampling error SE |
| 119 | I.1.11 Phantom shell PS I.1.12 Tissue-equivalent medium parameters MAT |
| 121 | I.1.13 Measurement system immunity/secondary reception MSI I.2 Uncertainty of reconstruction corrections and post-processing to be specified by the manufacturer MN I.2.1 General I.2.2 Evaluation of uncertainty due to reconstruction REC |
| 122 | I.2.3 Impact of noise on reconstruction POL I.2.4 SAR averaging SAV I.2.5 SAR scaling SARS |
| 123 | I.2.6 SAR correction for deviations in permittivity and conductivity SC |
| 124 | I.3 Uncertainties that are dependent on the DUT MD I.3.1 General I.3.2 Probe coupling with the DUT PC I.3.3 Modulation Response MOD |
| 125 | I.3.4 Integration time IT I.3.5 Measured SAR drift SD I.4 Uncertainties related to the measurement environment ME I.4.1 General I.4.2 Device holder DH |
| 126 | I.4.3 Device positioning DP I.4.4 RF ambient conditions AC I.4.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN |
| 127 | I.5 Uncertainties of validation antennas MV I.5.1 General I.5.2 Deviation of experimental antennas DEX I.5.3 Power measurement uncertainty PMU I.5.4 Other uncertainty contributions when using validation antennas OVS Figure I.1 – Illustration of SAR measurement results during 8 hand the centred moving average |
| 128 | Annex J (normative)Evaluation of the measurement system uncertainty of fixed arrayor scanning array vector measurement-based systems J.1 Measuring system uncertainties to be evaluated by the manufacturer MM J.1.1 General J.1.2 Calibration CF J.1.3 Isotropy ISO |
| 129 | J.1.4 Mutual sensor coupling MSC |
| 130 | J.1.5 Scattering due to the presence of the array AS |
| 131 | J.1.6 System linearity LIN J.1.7 Sensitivity limit SL J.1.8 Boundary effect BE |
| 132 | J.1.9 Readout electronics RE J.1.10 Response time RT J.1.11 Probe position PP |
| 133 | J.1.12 Sampling error SE J.1.13 Array boundaries AB |
| 134 | J.1.14 Phantom shell PS J.1.15 Tissue-equivalent medium parameters MAT |
| 136 | J.1.16 Phantom homogeneity HOM |
| 137 | J.1.17 Measurement system immunity/secondary reception MSI J.2 Uncertainty of reconstruction, corrections, and post-processing to be specified by the manufacturer MN J.2.1 General J.2.2 Evaluation of uncertainty due to reconstruction REC J.2.3 Impact of noise on reconstruction POL J.2.4 SAR averaging SAV J.2.5 SAR scaling SARS J.2.6 SAR correction for deviations in permittivity and conductivity SC J.3 Measurement system uncertainties that are dependent on the DUT MD J.3.1 General J.3.2 Probe or probe-array coupling with the DUT PC |
| 138 | J.3.3 Modulation response MOD J.3.4 Integration time IT J.3.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN J.4 Uncertainties related to the source or noise ME J.4.1 General J.4.2 Device holder DH J.4.3 Device positioning DP |
| 139 | J.4.4 RF ambient conditions AC J.4.5 Measurement system drift and noise DN J.5 Uncertainties of validation antennas MV J.5.1 General J.5.2 Deviation of experimental antennas DEX J.5.3 Power measurement uncertainty PMU J.5.4 Other uncertainty contributions when using validation antennas OVS |
| 140 | Bibliography |
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