This document specifies a method for determining the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved. The method is designed to yield an optimum degree of biodegradation by adjusting the humidity of the test soil.<\/p>\n
If a non-adapted soil is used as an inoculum, the test simulates the biodegradation processes which take place in a natural environment; if a pre-exposed soil is used, the method can be used to investigate the potential biodegradability of a test material.<\/p>\n
This method applies to the following materials:<\/p>\n
natural and\/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures of these;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers or colorants;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
water-soluble polymers.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
It does not necessarily apply to materials which, under the test conditions, inhibit the activity of the microorganisms present in the soil. Inhibitory effects can be measured using an inhibition control or by another suitable method. If the test material inhibits the microorganisms in the soil, a lower test material concentration, another type of soil or a pre-exposed soil can be used.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2<\/td>\n | National foreword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 4<\/td>\n | European foreword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 6<\/td>\n | Foreword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | 4 Principle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | 5 Test environment 6 Materials 7 Apparatus 7.2 Apparatus for measuring the amount of carbon dioxide evolved 8 Procedure 8.1 Preparation of the test material <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | 8.2 Preparation of the reference material 8.3 Preparation of the test soil 8.3.1 Collection and sieving of soil <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | 8.3.2 Preparation of standard soil <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 15<\/td>\n | 8.3.3 Measurement of soil characteristics 8.3.4 Adjustment of the water content and the pH of the soil 8.3.5 Handling and storage of the soil 8.4 Start-up and execution of the test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | 9 Calculation and expression of results 9.1 Calculation 9.1.1 Percentage biodegradation from oxygen consumption values 9.1.2 Percentage biodegradation from carbon dioxide evolved <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | 9.2 Expression and interpretation of results 10 Validity of results 11 Test report <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative) Principle of a manometric respirometer (example) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative) Example of a system for measuring the amount of carbon dioxide evolved <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | Annex C (informative) Examples of methods for the determination of evolved carbon dioxide <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | Annex D (informative) Theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | Annex E (informative) Example of a determination of the amount and the molecular mass of water-insoluble polymer remaining at the end of a biodegradation test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | Annex F (informative) Examples of long-term tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | Annex G (informative) Interlaboratory test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Plastics. Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved<\/b><\/p>\n |